Centrifugal casting mechanism



A. E. PAIGE CENTRIFUGAL CASTING MECHANISM Filed July 27. 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 3 5 Sheets-Sheet z May 19, 1925.

A. E. PAIGE CENTRIFUGAL CASTING MECHANISM Filed July 27. 192

' A. E. PAIGE CENTRIFUG'AL CASTING MECHANISM Filed July 27. 192: -5 Sheets-Sheet 3 J/nmwfma May 19, 1925. 1,538,585

A. E. PAIGE CENTRIFUGAL CASTING MECHANISM I Filed July 27, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 117 FZQZJZ I l J I May 19, 1925.

A. E. PAIGE CENTRIFUQAL CASTI NG MECHANISM Filed July 27. 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented May 19, 1925.

I 1,538,585 PATENT OFFICE,

ARTHUR E. BAIGE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ENTRIFUGAL ohsrme MECHANISM.

Application filed July 27, 1923. Serial No. 654,281.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ARTHUR E. PAIGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the countyof Philadelphia and State'of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Centrifugal Casting Mechanism, whereofthe following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

As hereinafter described: my invention may be employed with particularadvantage in the manufacture of iron pipes, by what are known as centrifugal processes. In such processes, a cylindrical mold is rotated while molten iron is poured thereim-so that the socalled centrifugal force which rotation develops in a revolving mass causes. the molten lI'OIl' to distrlbute itself in an annular shell on the inside of the rotating mold. Pipe thus cast is of much denser COlllPOSltl'Ofl an far more resistant to stresses than pipe cast in ordinary sand molds. Consequently,

it is possible to use centrifugally cast pipe of less thickness than sand cast pipe to resist the same stresses. However, ordinary sand molds have cores which predetcrmlne the thickness of thepipe cast therein, whereas, as it is impossible to employ such cores in centrifugal molds, it has heretofore been impossible to precisely predeterminethe thickness of centrifugally cast pipe; 'the thickness thereof being determined, with 'more or less irregularity, solely by the judgment of the operators, either" as to the vol;

umeor as to therate of introduction of the molten metal poured into such rotary molds.

Consequently, the advantages of employing such centrifugal processes are lessened by 'the irregularity in thickness of the pipes thus produced. 5

Such centrlfugal pipe casting apparatus 1 as has been used commercially, has been of two types, to wit, first, that in which the axis of the rotary mold is maintained hori-- -zo'ntal and the metal poured into the same simultaneously throughout the length of the mold, from a tiltaole trough extending 1 within the mold and in which the volumetric erator.

' quantity of met-alto be pouredvis determined, by visual r-ins ection and judgment of the opmechanism has been discard,

ward the up er end of the mold, from a trough exten ing in and relatively axially movable in the mold; either by holding the mold stationary axially and shifting the trough, or by holding the trough stationary axially, and shifting. the mold.

In the latter type of mechanism, there are at least five variable factors which determine the thickness of the pipe, viz., first, the angle of inclination of the mold; second, the temperature of the iron at the moment it is cast; third, the rate of flow of the metal from the delivery end of the trough into the mold; fourth, the rate of rotation of the mold; and, fifth, the rate oflongitudinal traverse of the trough relative to themold. Of course, the first factor aforesaid may be fixed and the second may be controlled within a sufficiently limited range. However, each of the third, fourth and fifth factors aforesaid 1s, in accordance with the present practice, determined independently of the other and by the judgment of the different operators; with the result that in one run with the same gang of men and the same thick. 7

Therefore, it is an object and effect of my invention to provide means which are substantially automatically operative, to pre-' cisely predetermine the thickness of centrifugallycast pipe by coordination of the means for controlling the third, fourth and fifth factors aforesaid, and thus-enable the manufacturer to produce pipe of uniform thickness and avoid the losses incident to the irregularities aforesaid.

Moreover, in accordance with the prior art construction and practice, with mechanism of the most'compact form of the second type aforesaid; the cast pipes are discharged from the mold by a device which, at the conclusion of the casting o eration, grapples the end of the pipe initial y cast and pulls it axially from the mold, with an outrigging which occupies a floor space more than the length of the pipe; so that the'total floor space occupied bv a casting mechanism of thattype, including space for the relative longitudinal movement of the mold" and trough, is more than three times the length with the grappling outrigging and effect the discharge of the cast p1pe by the relative movement of the tnold and trough, by providing the latter with an abutment ring which first limits the extent of the pipe in the mold, during the casting operation, and

thereafter serves to push the pipe out during the relative return movement of the mold and "trough to their initial casting position. Incidentally; such construction and arrangement of my invention save the time and labor of manipulating the grapping deviceaforesaid.

In the form of my invention hereinafter described; the mold .is maintained axially stationary and the pouring trough is automatically reciprocated axially therein by rigidly connecting the outer end of said trough with a screw which is mounted'to reciprocate beneath the mold and is .reci rocated by rotation of a nut thereon, wit out axial movement of the nut.

Furthermore, the rotary molds of the prior art have been formedwith massive walls of ferric metal, and the resent commercial practice was to use, at irst, cast iron, and thereafter cast steel. However, it is-the present practice to employ molds formed entirely of solid unitary nickel steel forgin'gs finished upon their interior surfaces by boring operations. Such molds must be massive .enou h to withstand the strains which tend to distort the various parts of their bores from coaxial relation and, consequently, are several inches thick. Despite the fact that the present 'costof wrou ht nickel steel is fift cents per ound an the cost of such mo ds aver'a es Eve dollars per ton of nomi- 'nal six inch iameter water pressure pipes of standard dimensions casttherein such molds have beenfound to be more economical than the prior art molds cast solidly of iron or steel; for the reason that such nickel steel is more durable under the stresses incident to the rapid and extreme changes in temperature to which such molds are subjected,-

and, therefore, as aforesaid, the cost of such molds averages five dollars per ton of the pipes cast therein. Therefore, an adjunctive feature of m invention is 'the provision of a mold 0 an entirely difierent type;

designed to minimize boththe initial cost of production of the molds and the continuing cost of maintenance thereof.

As hereinafter described; my improved molds are formed of com arativ'el thin shells of ferric metal of the ind ordlnarily employed for boiler tubes and commercially obtainable at minimum cost in suitable cyli-ndrical forms and sizes; thus eliminating the necessity for boring or otherwise machining their inner surfaces. Of course, such a molddeterioratesand must be ultimately scrap ed but the mass of the metal therein and t. e cost thereof are at the minimum, and the construction and arrangement of' the means for cooling such molds are such as to facilitate and minimize the cost of the removal and the replacement of such molds with res ect thereto.

As hereina ter described, such coolin means includes a. water tank which is hel stationary and in which the mold rotates with practically the entire-outer surface of the mold exposed to the water in the tank;

' so that the temperature of the mold is maintained below that at which the molds of the prior art are subjected to distortion from of the right hand side 0 a centrifugal casting mechanism embodying my invention. Fig. II is a front end elevation of said mechanism as seen from the left of Figl, but

on a larger'scale than the latter. III

is a fragmentary vertical longitudina sec tional view of said mechanism, take'n' on'the line III, III in Fig. II. Fig. IV is a fragments vertical. sectional view, similar to Fig. II but on a larger scale, and showing the pouring ladle and shoot for directing the molten metal into the mold and means for. automatically tiltin said ladle. Fig. V is a plan view of sai shoot. Fig. VI is a fragmentary partly sectional rear view of said tilting mechanism, showing the-adjustable tripping mechanism, arranged to automatically initiate the longitudinal movement of the pouring tron Fig. VII is a cross-sectional view of t e pouring trough, taken on the line VII, VII in .Fig'. III.

. In said figures; the base frame 1 is con- .veniently formed of wrou ht'steel, including two opposite longitu mally extendin channels 2, connected respectively 3, 4, 5 and .6, in rigid rectangular relation with said channels 2. The '0 osite end cross channels5 and 6 of said rame 1 each support two roller' bearing brackets, all four of which are alike, but the brackets on said frame member 5 are marked 8' and those on said frame member y four cross channe s pouring ladlewand I assesses I 6 are indicated at 9. Said brackets 22 and 9 sup ort two "shafts 10 which are convenient y held stationary and support four mold bearin rollers which are a l alike, but the two at t e front end of the machine are 7 marked 12 and the two at the rear end of the machineare marked 13. Said frame 1 and rollers 12 and 13 support the rotary mold 15, which has the annular bearing vide said mold with a tubular core 26, conveniently formed of cementitious material, carried by the metallic core tube 27, which is also conveniently formed of pressed sheet metal and removably fitted 1n said bell member 21 ofthe mold. As hereinafter described, said core is designedto be automatically pushed out by the cast pipe 25 when the latter is discharged from the mold; but said core is thereafter manually replaced. Therefore, I find it convenient to provide .sa'id bell mold member with a conii to permit rotation of said mold in said tank cal zone 28. tofit a corresponding conical zone 29 on said core tube so that the latter may be readily removed and replaced. in the proper position without waste of time of theoperator to determine the same.

In order to prevent distortion of said mold; I provide means to subject it to the action of the refrigerating fluid 30, preferably water, and conveniently by surroundin said moldwith the stationary tank 31 he d in coaxial relation therewith by tw' framebrackets 32, each having three set screws 33. Said tank has the cold water 4 inlet 34 at the bottom thereof andthe hot water outlet 35 at the top thereof respectively connected with a cold Water supply," under pressure, and with admin; In order without leaka e of the water; I provide the front end of t e tank with rings of packing 36 in a suitable stufiing box 38 provided with the adjustable gland 39, and provide the rear end of said tank with the packing rings 41 in the stufiing box 42 provided with the adjustable gland 43. y

. It is to be understood that the" circulation of water through said tank may be controlled by controlling the passage of water into the cold'water inletafore'said or by controlling the passage of water from the hot -water outlet. In either case, the water flows upwardly through the tank and the mold is continuously rotated therein during the casting operation so as to maintain the mold at the proper predetermined temperature. 1

The molten metal is directed into said mold by way of the pouring trough 45, which is conveniently formed of a half sectionofstandard wrought iron pipe 46 lined with removable cast iron trough blocks 47. In order to maintain said trou h at the proper vtemperature to prevent tie molten metal from sticking to 1t; I prefer to sub ject it to the action of a refrigerating material, preferably tap water, by means of pairs of pi es 49 and 50 which extend in the trou beneath said blocks, in telescoped relation. Cold water is directedv through the inner pipes 49 through the detachable union fittings 51 at the outer end of-the trough and returns in the space between said inner pipes 49 and the outer pipes 50 and discharged through the detachable union fit tings 52. Said fittings 51 and 52 may be conveniently provided with flexible hose connections 54 and 55 res ectively leading to a water supply pipe an to a drain.

Said trou h 45 has, at its outer end, the yoke-57 ri i ly connecting it with the screw shaft 58 said trough rests upon and is guided by the idle roller 60 supported'by the shaft '61, upheld by the stationary frame bearing brackets 62. .Said screw shaft 58 is .con-

veniently providedwith two threads63 of 'half inch pitch and is arranged tobe axially reciprocated by the nut 64 which is mounted to rotate, without axial movement, in the roller bearings 65 and 66; the former being mounted directly in the stationary frame member 68, and said bearing 6.6fbeing mounted in-coaxial relation therewith,

rigidly connected with saidframe member 68. The length 'of the traverse of said trou h 45 is, of course, predetermined by the ength of said screw shaft 58 which is the length of such traverse is the length of y. which it is reciprocated,-and 7 in the frame member 69, which is detachably provided with said threads 63. However,

such threaded portionof said shaft 58 plus F the length of said nut 64. That is to say; during the normal operation of the machine; said shaft 58 reciprocates through said nut and comes to rest at each end of its traverse when said nut runs oil the threads 63 onto.

the :unthreaded portion of said shaft 58. .Said' threads being right hand; such traverse of said trough 45 and shaft 58 is effected outward, with reference to the mold, I when said nut is rotated clockwise as seen from the front of the machine, and inward movement of said shaft and trougli are effected by reverse rotation of said nut. To insure engagement of said threads 63 with said nut 64 to initiate such movement.in' i either direction; I providesaid shaft 58 with the spring/70 and thrust collar 71, at

its outer end; said s ring bein so roportioned as to tend to raw said s aft rough the nut when the latter runs off the screw thread 63 at that end. Similarly, I provide the inner end of said shaft 58 with the spring 73 and thrust collar 74, said spring being held in the proper position, b the abutment collar. 75, which is detac ably rigidly connected with said shaft '58, conveniently by the tapered pin 7 6, so that said spring tends to draw said shaft through said nut when the latter runs ofi' said threads 63 at the inner end of said shaft. Said shaft 58 reci rocates in the guide tube 77 which is rigi 1y supported in saidframe member 69 and in the bracket 78.

The above described rotary movements of said nut 64 are conveniently effected by rig- U idly connecting therewith the gear 79, be-

tween said roller bearings 65 and 66, in engagement with the gear 80 on said annular bearing flange 16'; so that the 10m itudinal conveniently driven by the gear 85 'on the rotor shaft 86 of theelectric motor 87 which is rigidly connected with said platform 83.

The construction and arrangement above described are such that when said motor is o erated to rotate .said. driving gear 85 c ockwise, when seen from the front of the machine, said trough 45 -is shifted into the mold until the nut 64 runs off the screw threads 63 at the outer end of said shaft58;

- so that further rotation of said'jmotor, in

the same direction, merely efi'ects continued rotation of the mold, in the same direction, 'without movement of the trough. However, upon reversal of the direction of rotation of said motor 87; said s ring 70, at the outer endof said screw sha 58, would cause said shaft to instantly be in to move outward, with said trou h 45, if said spring be then free to act. erefore, I arrange to variabl determine the instant of beginnin of such outward movement ofthe trough, uring which the metal for the casting is poured in the mold, by controlling the action; of said spring 70. The mechanism for effecting such control includes the detent lever 89, whichis arranged to automatically sna into engagement with the outer end of sai yoke 57,'at the lower end thereof, at the instant said nut 64 runs off said threads 63 at the outer end of said screwshaft 58, i. e.,

at the instant said trough 45 reaches the'in- -ner limit of its movement. ver is fulcrumed upon the axis of the shaft Said detent le- 90 which is mounted to rock in the bearings 91 in said stationary frame member I provide means toautomatically release said etent lever and thus initiate the outward movement of said trough 45 at a predetermined but adjustably variable instant in the pouring operation, by the means hereinafter described, for tilting the pouring ladle 93.

Said pouring ladle 93 is mounted to rock upon the axis of the shaft 94, which is conveniently .rigidl connected therewith, and 1 be lined with removable cementitious ma- 7 terial 100. Said shoot should be so curved as to afford the maximum gravitativeaccelera- ."tion to the molten metal.

9' Said ladle'has the undercut channel memmovement of said trough. 45 me ected-m'jfbsr 101 convenientl definite predetermined cooperative relation connected therewith with the rotation of said mold 15; regarddetachably rigidly y the screws 102, to geng'age, in variable ra ial position with respect-to the axisof oscillation of the ladle, the link pivot 103 which-has the base slide block 104 which is adapted to. be adjusted longitudinally in said channel 101 .and be I rigidly connected therewith in adjusted posi tion, by the set screw 105. .Said pivot 103 is enga ed by the upper end ofthe link 107 which as its lower end engaged with the ivot 108 on the sleeve; 109 whichsencircles t e ladle lift screw shaftl 110 and isvertically adjustable thereonbythe lock nuts -111 engaging the screw thread 112.

Said ladlev lift screw shaft is rovided with means hereinafter descr1 ada ted to reciprocate it automatically to a pre etermined invariable extent, for instance, three inches; and the above described ,adjustable pivotal connections for said link 107 are provided to enable theoperator to adjustab y and variably determine the position of the ladle atwhich it begins to pour the moltenmetal 99'down said shoot 98, and

the angular movement of said ladle conseuent upon the vertical movement of saidhftscrew shaft 110. Such angular movement determines the volume of metal cured, and the arrangement is such that suc pouring movement of the ladle maybe coextensive with the longitudinal movement of the trough, outward, or more, or less; in accordance with such adjustment.

That is to say; said ladle 93 must be tilted to difierent extents in accordance with the volume of molten metal 99 which it is "desired to deliver into the mold for a given casting, and it is desirableto have such de 'livery efl'ected uniformly duringthe entire traverse of the trough 45, and the adjustable elements aforesaid permit variation in the amount of metal poured .from' the ladle per unit of traverse of the trough; despite the fact that the ran e' of movement of the ladle lift screw sha t 110 is invariable.

Said ladle lift screw shaft 110 is mounted ,to reciprocate in two stationary bearings,

- with the nut 121, by rotation of which it is raised and lowered. In its idle. ositio'n, shown in Fi IV, said lift screw s aft 110 rests upon t e bottom of said ste bearing 114, which thus supports the weig t of the ladle,and in that position, said nut 121 encircles said shaft 110 above said screw thread 120; which .position said nut has assumed by left hand rotation. However, said step bearing 114 has the socket 123 containing the ball thrust bearing 124 upon whichsaid nut 121 rests when said shaft 110 is lifting said ladle and said nut 12Lcomes down upon said bearing and into engagement with said screw thread 120 as the consequence of ri ht hand rotation of said nut; the latter being then pressed downwardfby the spring 126,

which encircles said shaft 110 and. has its upper end against the abutment ring '127.

I find it convenientto impart such right and left hand rotation to said nut 121 by providing it with worm gear teeth 128 in engagement with the worm- 130 which is rigidly connected with the nut 64 on the trough shifting screw shaftv 58 above described.

Of course, the rotary movement of sai nut 121 and the axial movement of said ladle lift screw shaft 110 which iteflects, are thus coordinated with the rotary movement of said mold which thus effects rotation of both said nuts 64 and 121.

The means arranged to automaticall release said detent lever 89 and thus initiate the outward movement of said trough 45 'at a predetermined but adjustably variable instant in the pouring operation, include the sleeve 132,"s own in Figs. IV, and VI encircling said lift screw shaft 110, upon which it is presented from turning by the key 134 ena ing said keyway' 118 .in said shaft. Sai s eeve' 132 hasthe radial pivot stud 135 eng connecting r0 136-Which is rigidly adjustably connected with its lower section by the turnbuckle 137 and jam nuts. 138. Thelower section of said connecting rod 136 is pivotally connected, by the bolt 139, with the link 140, which latter is pivotally connected with the stud 141 on the arm 142 of said detent lever 89. Saidlink 140 may be omitted and said rod 136be directly coning the upper section of the,

nected to said arm 142, if the latter be long-enough-to permit the movement of said sleeve 132. Said .sleeve 132 is continually pressed downward by the spring 143 encircling said screw shaft 110, to snap said lever 89 into en gement with said yoke 57. However, said eeve 132 is lifted to release said detent lever 89 by the upward movement of said sleeve 109, as the latter is raised by said screw shaft 110, consequent upon the rotation of said nuts 64 and 121, and the instant of suchirelease may be adjustably predetermined by the length to which said connectin rod 136 is adjusted. That is to say; said connecting rod maybe adjusted to uphold said sleeve 132 .above said sleeve 109 to an extent which it is desired to permit'said adle to be lifted, in pourin operation, before said sleeve 132 is lifte to initiate the outward movement of said trough Such adjustment is so effected that sufiicient metal is initiall "poured into the mold to properly form t e bell end of said pi e 25, in said bell member 21' of the mold, said trough 45 is withdrawn therefrom to the left in Fig. III.

The mechanism above described may be operated as follows: Said trough 45 being at the inner limit of its longitudinal movement with respect to the mold bell member 21, and .with said detent lever 89 snapped up into engagement withthe outer end of said yoke 57 said motor 87 is started to'rot-ate its driving gear 85 counter-clockwise, as seen from the front of" the machine;

thus rotating the mold 15, counter-clockwise,

and rotating said nuts 64 and 121 clockwise. It said detent lever 89 were released,

such movement would initiate the outward longitudinal movement of said trough 45 simultaneously with the upward tllting movement of said ladle 93. However, as

said lever 89 is in; position to detain. said spring 70 from efiectingengagement of the screw threads 63 on the screw shaft. 68

with said nut 64, the latter rotates idlyacn said mrew shaft 58-but, of course, turns the worm 130 which operates the nut 121 to lift the screw shaft and ladle-93 andinitiate the pouring operation of'the latter. Such pourmg operation of the ladle continues until the sleeve 109 on said 110 picks up the sleeve-132 on said-shaft far enough to trip and release said detent lever from engagement with said yoke. Thereupon, said s ring 70 draws said screw shaft 58 toward the left. in Fig. III, to-engage its threads 63 with said nut 64 and continued rotation of the latter, in the same direction, i. e., clock- I .WISG

causes the trough 45 to be withdraw to the left, thus distributing the I pouredm'etal throughout the cylindrical portion of the mold .20 until the threads 63 on said screw shaft 58 pass entirely through said nut 64 and the latter turns-idly on said trou' h 45,- conveniently by three pins 146,

whic are driven into engagement with holes in said trough through said ring 145; so that said ring 145 may be removed when worn and replaced b' another.

2 Of course, said la le lift screw shaft 110 continues to lift saidla'dle 93 until saidnut 121-runs off said screw 120 onto the unthreaded portion of said shaft 110 below said screw. Thereupon, said mold 15,- may continue to rotate, in the. same counter: clockwise direction, without movement of said trough 45 or ladle 93.

However, by reversing said motor 87, so as to drive its gear 85 clockwise, the rotation of said mold is reversed, so that it also turns clockwise, with the result that said spring 73 draws said screw shaft 58 into engagement with the nut 64, then turning counter-clockwise, and initiates the" movement of said trough 45 inwardly with respect to the mold and, contemporaneously,

' through by the reverses the rotation of said nut 121 on the ladle lift screw shaft 110;. .so that. said nut 121 turns to the left, engages said screw 120 which is thrust downwardly therewei ht of the ladle 93, and thus owers said la?! tion. Of course, such inward movement of 1 the trough with respect to the mold member '20 thrusts said abutment ring 145 against the left hand end of the cast pi e 25, shifting the latter axially to the right m Fig. 111.. Such movement first pushes out "the tubular core 26 and its tube 27, from the -bell member 21- of the mold, by the movement of said pipe.25; f llowed bythe discharge of said pipe itsel as the trough travels to the right in said figure, to assume its initial pouring position.

;-During such downward movement of the ladle, or at the-end of said movement; said ladle maybe recharged with molten, metal Y 99 and preferably with a weighed quantity thereof. Thereupon, the

repeated as above described. 1 In the form of my invention above de operation may be scribed; I have found it convenient to emplo an ordinary commercial electric motor 87 ,making eleven hundred and fifty revolutions per minute, andthe gearing connecting the same with said nut 64 is such that the latter rotates at the same rate. The lar est gear in'that train is carried by the mo d and su'chas to rotate at four hundred I seventy-three and a fraction revolutions per minute; which I have foundmore than sufficient to insure the centrifugal efli'ect desired with respect to pipes up to twelve le to its original posiinches in diameter. The axial movement of said screw shaft 58 is one hundred and forty-four inches; so that said nut makes 'two hundred and eighty-eight [revolutions to. effect such traverse of said shaft 58, in

less than sixteen seconds. But, as above described, the 'detent lever 89. detains the trough from outward movement until after the pouring operation of the ladle hasbegun. Therefore, the complete casting operationof a standard twelve foot length pipe continues approximately one-half minute.

However all of said movements aresocoordinated as above described'as to effect the cooperation of the various parts of the mechanism automatically. An advantage of such coordination is the elimination of tions in the product. In other words; such coordinatlon permits uniformit in the pipes produced by reason of uni ormity in the variations in time of operation of the v various parts WhlCh are manlfested in varlathe operations of producing them. Moreover, in the use of castin machines of the prior art which are not t us automatic-ally operative; anyone of the operators may retard the operation of the mechanism and 6 thus lessen the production of castings, by

failing to cooperate with. the other operaat the "maximum speed of production of which the mechanism is capable.

However,- as above explained, there are numerous variableflfactors which afiect the operation of centrifugal, casting mechanism and the various movements above described must be coordinated in accordance therewith. For instance, in the arrangement chosen for illustration; the axis of the mold [is mlined four degrees to a horizontal plane, and the cast iron is poured at ap-. proximately 2200 F.; but it is obvious that i the angle of inclination of the mold may be difierent and the metal poured at a different temperature, provided that the other factors are coordinatedtherewith.

. Although I-have illustrated my invention with reference to mechanism including a mold adapted for. casting bell end pipe; it is to'b e understood that I do not desire to limit myself thereto; as other forms of molds may be employed in interchangeable relation with the other parts of the apparatus above described.

Therefore, I do not desire to limit myself to the precise details of construction, arrangement or procedure herein set forth, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein Without departing from the essential features of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

1. centrifugal casting apsaratus, the combination with'a rotary mo of a con tamer arranged to direct molten metal into said mold; and means cooperatively connectmg said mold and container; arranged to coordinately effect rotary movements of said mold and container in definite predetermined relation to each other.

2. In centrifugal casting mechanisms, the combination with a rotary mold; of a pouring ladle arranged to deliver molten metal into said mold; and means cooperatively connecting said mold and ladle, arranged.

to coordinately eifect rotary movements of said mold and ladle in definite predetermined relation to each other.

3. In centrifugal casting mechanism, the combination with a rotary mold; of a-pourin trough through ,which molten metal is de ivered .into said mold; and means cooperatively connecting trough; arranged to coordinately effect ro tary movements of said. mold and trough inhdefinite predetermined relation to each 0t er.

4. In centrifugal casting mechanism, the

combination with a rotary mold; of a pouring trough arranged to deliver molten metal into sai to supply molten metal'to said trou h; and means cooperatively connecting sai m'old,

trough and ladle; arranged to effect rotary movements of said mold, longitudinal move mentspf said trough with respect to said mold, and tilting movements of said-ladle I with respect to said trough in definite predetermined relation to .each other.

5. In centrifugal casting mechanism, the combination with a'rotary mold; of a pourin trough, mountedtoreciprocatelongitudina y in said mold; and means cooperatively connecting said mold and trough,-including a screw rigidly connected with saidtrough, a nut mounted-to rotate in engagement w th said screw, without axial movement, and gears connecting said mold and nut; whereby rotary movements of said'mold and lon- ,gitudinal movements of said .trough, are

automatically fi d definite predete mined relation. p

6. In centrifugal casting mechanism,-thecombination. with a rotary mold; of a pouring trough, mounted to: reciprocate longitudinally in said mold, a tiltable ladle arvranged to supply molten metal to said trough; and means cooperatively connecting said mold, trough. and ladle, including two nuts, gears operativel connecting said nuts with said mold, an two screws respectively arranged to be engaged and shifted axiall by said nuts, one of said screws connecte -with said trough and the other of said screws connected with said ladle;

'whereby rotary movements ofsaid mold,

longitudinal movements of said trough, and

said mold and mold; a' tiltable ladle arranged tilting movements of said ladle "are effected in definite, predetermined relation to each other...

7. In certrifug'lal casting mechanism, the combination wit a rotary mold; of-a tiltable ladle arranged to supply molten metal tosaid mold; and means cooperativel connecting said mold and ladle, inclu ing a a screw, having means arranged to prevent it from rotatmg, .a nut mounted to rotate in engagement Wlth said screw, without axial movement, and gears connecting said mold,

and nut; whereby rotary m ovements ofpsaid mold and tilting movements. of said ladle are automatically effected 'in definite -predetermined relationr -j p K 8. In centrifugal casting a aratus, the combination with a rotary mold of a movable container arranged to direct molten metal into said mold; and means cooperatively connecting said mold and container, a screw, means arranged to preing trough, mounted to reciprocate longitudinally in said mold; a tiltable ladle arranged to supply molten metal to said' trough; and means coo xerativ'ely connecting said mold, trough and ladle; arranged to coordinately efiect mo ements thereof in definite predetermined relation to each other.

10. In centrifugal casting mechanism, the

combination with a rotary mold; of a pouring trough mounted to reciprocate longitu inally in said mold; a tiltable ladle arranged, to supply molten metal to said trough; and means cooperatively connecting said mold,- trough and'ladle; arranged .to eifect movements thereofin definite redetermined relation to each other, inc uding a detent device operative to prevent I movement 'of said trough, and' tripping, t

means connecting saiddetent device wi said ladle, arranged to release said detent' andeflect movement of said trough after a predetermined movement of said ladle.

11. In centrifugal casting mechanism, the combination with a rotary mold; of a contamer-arranged to direct molten metal into said mold; means arranged to rotate said mold alternately .in. opposite directions;

means cooperatively connecting said mold" and container arranged to effect movement of saidmold and-container in definite redetermined relation to each other, inclu in means permitting continued rotation of sai mold after predetermined movement of said container contemporaneous with the movement of said mold; I

l 12. In centrifugal casting mechanism, the

combination with a rotary mold; of a trou h arranged to direct molten metal into said 7 mold; means arranged to rotate said mold operatively connecting trough; arranged to effect movement of said alternately in opposite directions; means cosaid mold and mold and trough in definite predetermined relation to each other, includin means permitting continued rotation said mold after predetermined movement of said trough contemporaneous with the movement of said mold.

13. In centrifugal casting mechanism, the

combinatio'nwith a rotary mold; of a ladle arranged to direct molten metal into said mold; means arranged to rotate said mold alternately in opposite directions; means coo eratively connecting said mold and lad e; arranged to effect movement of said mold and ladle in definite predetermined relation to each other, includin means permitting continued rotation 0 said mold after predetermined movement of said ladle contemporaneous with the movement of said mold.

14. In centrifugal casting ap aratus, the

combination with'a rotary mol of means.

arranged to direct molten metal into said mold; and means arranged to effect move-. ments of said mold and directing means indefinite other, inc .uding a screw prevented from ro-- tating, and a nut engaging said screw and redetermined relation to each prevented from axial movement.

15. In centrifugal casting mechanism, the

' combination witha rotary mold; of a pour- .in said mold, a tiltable lad ing trough, mounted to reciprocate axially means coo eratively connecting said mold, trough an ladle, 'arranged to first effect rotation of said mold'for a predetermined interval; then effect contemporaneous rotary movement-of said mold and tiltin .movesupply molten metal .to said trough; and

ment of said ladle,.and longitudina movement of said trough,'indefinite predetermined relation to each other..

16. Incentrifugal casting mechanism, the

combination with a rotary mold of a container arranged to' direct molten metal into I tainer in definite said mold; and means cooperatively connecting said mold and container; arranged to effect movements of said mold and coneach other, including a screw shaft having a screw thread intermediate of its length,

and, unthreaded portions at each end of said screwv thread, and a nut mounted to rotate on said shaft, without axial movement, and springs at res ectively opposite ends of said s aft adapte to draw said'shaftinto en-' gagement with said nut; whereby, rotation e arranged" tov of uniform thickness an predetermined relation to nugget of said nut in one direction causes saidv shaft to move axially therethrough to the extent of said screw thread on said shaft and in said nut and to automatically stop such axial movement with said nut in registry with an unthreaded portion of said shaft and, upon reverse rotation of said nut, cause said shaft to move axially through said nut in the opposite direction, to the extent of the screw thread on said shaft and in said nut, andautomatically stop such axial movement with said nut in registry with an unthreaded portion of said shaft.

17. In centrifugal casting ap aratus, the combination with a rotary mo d of a container arranged to direct molten metal into said mold; and means cooperatively connecting said mold and container; arranged to effect movements of said mold and container in definite redetermined relation to each other, including an axially movable screw and a nutinounted, to rotate on said screw without axial movement; andspring. means arran said screw with said nut at opposite on of said screw as a consequence of rotary movement of said nut in respectively opposite directions.

- 18. In centrifugal casting a aratus,'the

to automatically engage combination with a rotary mo of .a con.-

tainer arranged to direct molten metal into said mold; means arranged to operate said container, including two, screw threaded members, incoaxi'a-l relation, and means ar-,

ranged to relatively rotate them.

. 19. In centrifugal castin rotary mold formed of roll ished wrought ferric metal of 'uniform thickness and substantially thinner than the castings for which it is designed.

apparatus, a

20. In 'centrlfugal casting apparatus," .a

pieces of wrought ferric metal, each sub-' pipe casting-for stantially thinner than the which it is designed.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this twenty-sixth day of July, 1923. j ARTHUR E. PAIGE.

Witn esses':

HARRY A. Mom, Dxvm J. Joins. 

